An agricultural waste Sugarcane bagasse has been used for the removal of copper (II) from an aqueous solution. The effects of different parameters such as contact time, adsorbate concentration, pH of the medium and temperature were examined. Optimum removal at 20⁰C was found to be 98.6 % at pH 6.6, with an initial Cu (II) concentration of 100 mg L^-1. Dynamics of the sorption process and mass transfer of Cu (II) to sorbent were investigated and the values of rate constant of adsorption, rate constant of intraparticle diffusion and the mass transfer coefficients were calculated. Different thermodynamic parameters viz., changes in standard free
energy, enthalpy and entropy were evaluated and it was found that the reaction was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The sorption data fitted the Langmuir isotherm. The data were subjected to multiple regression analysis and a model was developed to predict the removal of Cu (II) from an aqueous solution

Claisen–Schmidt condensation has been carried out for the synthesis of some1-(benzimidazole-2-yl)-3-substituted aryl-2-propene-1-ones is based on microwave assisted solid phase, solvent free protocol. In the present study the condensation has been carried out in presence of base NaOH. The required 2-acetylbenzimidazole was obtained under Philips condition

The present study was conducted to investigate the safe dose of cadmium chloride on the testis of Heteropneustes fossilis which were kept in aqueous solution of cadmium chloride of 0.5 ppm for 7, 14, and 21 day. The histological changes due to cadmium chloride in testis are characterized by regression after 7 day of exposure. Spermatogonia and spermatocytes in the seminiferous lobule showed degeneration in 14 days duration. Almost all the cells in seminiferous lobules were disintegrate and blurred appearance were visible in after 21 days. The size of all spermatoganic cell significantly (p< 0.001) increased. After the administration of Mulethi alongwith cadmium chloride the degenerated cells exhibited recoupment

Various physio-chemical methods have been developed for removal of heavy metals from contaminated water which include chemical precipitation, membraneprocesses (reverse osmosis, nanofiltration), solvent extraction, ion exchange and electroflotation etc. However, these processes may be ineffective especially when the heavy metal ions are in solution containing in the order of 1-100 mg/l. The exploration of new technologies involves the removal of toxic metals from wastewater with the use of biological adsorption technology. The bio sorption is the selective appropriate process from removal of metal ions uptake that may involve the contribution of diffusion, adsorption, chelation, complexation, coordination or micro-precipitation mechanisms, depending on the specific substrate (biomass). In the present study dry biomass of lantana weed is used as low cost, easily available and eco-friendly bio sorbent for removal of metallic pollutants from contaminated water and their mechanism are discussed.

Water plays a vital and essential role in our ecosystem. This natural resource is becoming scarce, making its availability a major social and economic concern. Dyes are widely used within the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and printing, textile and leather industries. This has resulted in the discharge of highly coloured effluents that affect water transparency and gas solubility in water bodies .In this present study biodegradation of textile dyes by white-rot fungi has received increasing attention in recent years. In the present work, bio decolourization of azo dye, namely Methylene Blue, by the fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium was investigated in batch systems. Decolourization studies were carried out in a batch process with different pH and concentrations of inoculum. At applied operating parameters (pH 4 to 6), pH 5.0 was found to be optimum, since the maximum colour removal efficiency was 46% and 1260mg/L biomass growth was higher than the other two pH (4 and 6). When the cell loading rate was increased to 5mm x 8 discs, 66% decolourization along with 1440mg/L biomass was achieved. Since these parameters have the pronounced effect on the effective decolourization process.

Water plays a vital and essential role in our ecosystem. This natural resource is becoming scarce, making its availability a major social and economic concern. Dyes are widely used within the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and printing, textile and leather industries. This has resulted in the discharge of highly coloured effluents that affect water transparency and gas solubility in water bodies .In this present study biodegradation of textile dyes by white-rot fungi has received increasing attention in recent years. In the present work, bio decolourization of azo dye, namely Methylene Blue, by the fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium was investigated in batch systems. Decolourization studies were carried out in a batch process with different pH and concentrations of inoculum. At applied operating parameters (pH 4 to 6), pH 5.0 was found to be optimum, since the maximum colour removal efficiency was 46% and 1260mg/L biomass growth was higher than the other two pH (4 and 6). When the cell loading rate was increased to 5mm x 8 discs, 66% decolourization along with 1440mg/L biomass was achieved. Since these parameters have the pronounced effect on the effective decolourization process.